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March 29, 2022

NJ State Bar Moves Towards Business-Wide Autonomous Security

See how the New Jersey State Bar Association adopted Darktrace’s Autonomous Response technology across and stopped a sophisticated SaaS attack. Read more.
Inside the SOC
Darktrace cyber analysts are world-class experts in threat intelligence, threat hunting and incident response, and provide 24/7 SOC support to thousands of Darktrace customers around the globe. Inside the SOC is exclusively authored by these experts, providing analysis of cyber incidents and threat trends, based on real-world experience in the field.
Written by
Dr Robert Spangler
Associate Executive Director of the New Jersey State Bar Association
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29
Mar 2022

The New Jersey State Bar Association supports more than 18,000 attorneys, judges and legislators in the metropolitan New York City region. From an IT security perspective, our primary goals are to protect the sensitive data of our employees and members, and minimize the disruption to our business caused by cyber-threats.

Over the past few years, our team has become increasingly concerned about the terrifying pace at which the threat landscape is evolving. We’ve seen escalating ransomware attacks, we’ve seen attackers targeting the supply chain and exploiting SaaS platforms like Microsoft 365 and Salesforce. We see new vulnerabilities coming out all the time. On the email side, we see evolving attack techniques, with malicious links hidden in documents so that an email bypasses the first line of defense, or lateral movement against calendar invites.

The pace of attacker innovation tells us one thing: we can’t just protect ourselves against the threats that we know about; we must also prepare for those we don’t know about. What might sound like a paradox is actually achievable with the right approach.

This was one of the factors that drew us to Darktrace two years ago: its ability to learn what’s ‘normal’ for our organization and detect anomalies that indicate a cyber-threat. And it wasn’t long into the deployment that this started to yield strong results, shining a light on new vulnerabilities and activity we didn’t previously know about.

But the other major factor in that purchasing decision was Darktrace’s Autonomous Response capability. Cyber-attacks are no longer controlled by a human from start to finish. Attackers are adopting automation and machine learning to scale up and launch faster and more damaging campaigns.

Our relatively small IT team were in constant action trying to stay on top of some of the threats we faced. But even the best team in the world need to sleep. And we found attackers were taking advantage of this, conducting much of their activity outside of office hours, in the middle of the night or on weekends. This led us to the conclusion that we needed something that could respond autonomously, around the clock, to contain serious emerging threats.

Incorporating Autonomous Response into the security stack

The decision to let an AI make decisions and actively intervene in our environment was not taken lightly and prompted a number of considerations. Some people in our team were sceptical and thought it wouldn’t work, others feared that the AI would replace them and render their jobs redundant. Neither turned out to be the case.

One concern was that the AI would trip up our system, with false positives triggering unwanted actions and resulting in disruption. But after a short learning period and some relatively simple fine-tuning, its actions are now extremely precise, acting only in the case of a serious attack and intervening in a targeted way, blocking only unwanted connections without taking the device offline.

As for the AI making our humans redundant: this hasn’t happened either. We’ve found that the AI augments our team and works alongside them: it does much of the heavy lifting: the tedious, manual work, and it means our team can spend their time on things that matter, being proactive and staying on top of threats rather than always playing catch up.

It’s interesting how over time, Autonomous Response has naturally integrated with our workflow. Our experiences over the last two years have definitely prompted a change in philosophy, from a wariness towards AI to embracing a system where humans and AI work in tandem. We even use the product as an education tool: the information it gives us has become incredibly valuable for junior staff who are still learning how to respond to certain events. We’re at the point now where Darktrace is referred to almost as a sentient being; it has become another member of the team, responding to threats and protecting our business like everyone else.

Expanding Autonomous Response across the enterprise

Once we were confident in the AI’s decision-making and its ability to detect and respond to known and unknown threats around the clock, the next phase was to implement this technology across all parts of the digital estate.

When we moved to a system of remote working following the pandemic, it was important to us that Autonomous Response be brought to remote endpoint devices, so that it could be active in protecting our employees, wherever they were working from. We did already have detection and response in place on the endpoint, but by this point, Darktrace’s Autonomous Response had become so integral to our security posture that we needed to extend it to cover every base.

We also adopted Antigena Email, which uses the same underlying approach to respond to novel threats targeting the inbox, and Antigena SaaS, to respond to account takeovers in Microsoft 365.

Having a single AI approach span multiple silos serves to increase the accuracy of its decision-making: an understanding of endpoint and network traffic can help Antigena Email understand if a link in an email is threatening, for example. Or in the case of account takeover, an unusual SaaS login followed by suspicious email activity can paint a picture of one systematic attack.

The more sophisticated attackers today are unlikely to target just one corner of your digital estate. Having a single AI system connect the dots across cloud, email, network and endpoints puts us in the best possible position.

A crucial layer of defense

I liken the need for Darktrace with the need to wear a seatbelt. You hope that most of the time, you won’t need it. But when the worst happens, it can save you from a potentially fatal threat.

In early 2022 we were targeted by a very targeted, clever attack, in which the attacker adopted a variety of techniques to stay under the radar of the rest of our security stack. It began with a seemingly benign SaaS login from an expected region of the world, but from a different network within that region. We would not have seen this attack without Darktrace connecting multiple subtle anomalies. And we know that if there was some lateral movement later down the line then Antigena would kick in in a variety of different ways to shut the attack down.

As we continue to be targeted by increasingly advanced attackers, this is the kind of insurance we need. Darktrace is not the only tool we use, but it has become the foundation that everything is built on. And with Autonomous Response across our digital estate, we know we have best-in-class protection against novel attacks, no matter where or when they come in.

Hear from more Darktrace customers

Inside the SOC
Darktrace cyber analysts are world-class experts in threat intelligence, threat hunting and incident response, and provide 24/7 SOC support to thousands of Darktrace customers around the globe. Inside the SOC is exclusively authored by these experts, providing analysis of cyber incidents and threat trends, based on real-world experience in the field.
Written by
Dr Robert Spangler
Associate Executive Director of the New Jersey State Bar Association

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May 7, 2026

The Next Step After Mythos: Defending in a World Where Compromise is Expected

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Is Anthropic’s Mythos a turning point for cybersecurity?

Anthropic’s recent announcements around their Mythos model, alongside the launch of Project Glasswing, have generated significant interest across the cybersecurity industry.

The closed-source nature of the Mythos model has understandably attracted a degree of skepticism around some of the claims being made. Additionally, Project Glasswing was initially positioned as a way for software vendors to accelerate the proactive discovery of vulnerabilities in their own code; however, much of the attention has focused on the potential for AI to identify exploitable vulnerabilities for those with malicious intent.

Putting questions around the veracity of those claims to one side – which, for what it’s worth, do appear to be at least partially endorsed by independent bodies such as the UK’s AI Security Institute – this should not be viewed as a critical turning point for the industry. Rather, it reflects the natural direction of travel.

How Mythos affects cybersecurity teams  

At Darktrace, extolling the virtues of AI within cybersecurity is understandably close to our hearts. However, taking a step back from the hype, we’d like to consider what developments like this mean for security teams.

Whether it’s Mythos or another model yet to be released, it’s worth remembering that there is no fundamental difference between an AI discovered vulnerability and one discovered by a human. The change is in the pace of discovery and, some may argue, the lower the barrier to entry.

In the hands of a software developer, this is unquestionably positive. Faster discovery enables earlier remediation and more proactive security. But in the hands of an attacker, the same capability will likely lead to a greater number of exploitable vulnerabilities being used in the wild and, critically, vulnerabilities that are not yet known to either the vendor or the end user.

That said, attackers have always been able to find exploitable vulnerabilities and use them undetected for extended periods of time. The use of AI does not fundamentally change this reality, but it does make the process faster and, unfortunately, more likely to occur at scale.

While tools such as Darktrace / Attack Surface Management and / Proactive Exposure Management  can help security teams prioritize where to patch, the emergence of AI-driven vulnerability discovery reinforces an important point: patching alone is not a sufficient control against modern cyber-attacks.

Rethinking defense for a world where compromise is expected

Rather than assuming vulnerabilities can simply be patched away, defenders are better served by working from the assumption that their software is already vulnerable - and always will be -and build their security strategy accordingly.

Under that assumption, defenders should expect initial access, particularly across internet exposed assets, to become easier for attackers. What matters then is how quickly that foothold is detected, contained, and prevented from expanding.

For defenders, this places renewed emphasis on a few core capabilities:

  • Secure-by-design architectures and blast radius reduction, particularly around identity, MFA, segmentation, and Zero Trust principles
  • Early, scalable detection and containment, favoring behavioral and context-driven signals over signatures alone
  • Operational resilience, with the expectation of more frequent early-stage incidents that must be managed without burning out teams

How Darktrace helps organizations proactively defend against cyber threats

At Darktrace, we support security teams across all three of these critical capabilities through a multi-layered AI approach. Our Self-Learning AI learns what’s normal for your organization, enabling real-time threat detection, behavioural prediction, incident investigation and autonomous response. - all while empowering your security team with visibility and control.To learn more about Darktrace’s application of AI to cybersecurity download our White Paper here.  

Reducing blast radius through visibility and control

Secure-by-design principles depend on understanding how users, devices, and systems behave. By learning the normal patterns of identity and network activity, Darktrace helps teams identify when access is being misused or when activity begins to move beyond expected boundaries. This makes it possible to detect and contain lateral movement early, limiting how far an attacker can progress even after initial access.

Detecting and containing threats at the earliest stage  

As AI accelerates vulnerability discovery, defenders need to identify exploitation before it is formally recognized. Darktrace’s behavioral understanding approach enables detection of subtle deviations from normal activity, including those linked to previously unknown vulnerabilities.

A key example of this is our research on identifying cyber threats before public CVE disclosures, demonstrating that assessing activity against what is normal for a specific environment, rather than relying on predefined indicators of compromise, enables detection of intrusions exploiting previously unknown vulnerabilities days or even weeks before details become publicly available.

Additionally, our Autonomous Response capability provides fast, targeted containment focused on the most concerning events, while allowing normal business operations to continue. This has consistently shown that even when attackers use techniques never seen before, Darktrace’s Autonomous Response can contain threats before they have a chance to escalate.

Scaling response without increasing operational burden

As early-stage incidents become more frequent, the ability to investigate and respond efficiently becomes critical. Darktrace’s Cyber AI Analyst’s AI-driven investigation capabilities automatically correlate activity across the environment, prioritizing the most significant threats and reducing the need for manual triage. This allows security teams to respond faster and more consistently, without increasing workload or burnout.

What effective defense looks like in an AI-accelerated landscape

Developments like Mythos highlight a reality that has been building for some time: the window between exposure and exploitation is shrinking, and in many cases, it may disappear entirely. In that environment, relying on patching alone becomes increasingly reactive, leaving little room to respond once access has been established.

The more durable approach is to assume that compromise will occur and focus on controlling what happens next. That means identifying early signs of misuse, containing threats before they spread, and maintaining visibility across the environment so that isolated signals can be understood in context.

AI plays a role on both sides of this equation. While it enables attackers to move faster, it also gives defenders the ability to detect subtle changes in behavior, prioritize what matters, and respond in real time. The advantage will not come from adopting AI in isolation, but from applying it in a way that reduces the gap between detection and action.

AI may be accelerating parts of the attack lifecycle, but the fundamentals of defense, detection, and containment still apply. If anything, they matter more than ever – and AI is just as powerful a tool for defenders as it is for attackers.

To learn more about Darktrace and Mythos read more on our blog: Mythos vs Ethos: Defending in an Era of AI‑Accelerated Vulnerability Discovery

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About the author
Toby Lewis
Head of Threat Analysis

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May 6, 2026

When Trust Becomes the Attack Surface: Supply-Chain Attacks in an Era of Automation and Implicit Trust

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Software supply-chain attacks in 2026

Software supply-chain attacks now represent the primary threat shaping the 2026 security landscape. Rather than relying on exploits at the perimeter, attackers are targeting the connective tissue of modern engineering environments: package managers, CI/CD automation, developer systems, and even the security tools organizations inherently trust.

These incidents are not isolated cases of poisoned code. They reflect a structural shift toward abusing trusted automation and identity at ecosystem scale, where compromise propagates through systems designed for speed, not scrutiny. Ephemeral build runners, regardless of provider, represent high‑trust, low‑visibility execution zones.

The Axios compromise and the cascading Trivy campaign illustrate how quickly this abuse can move once attacker activity enters build and delivery workflows. This blog provides an overview of the latest supply chain and security tool incidents with Darktrace telemetry and defensive actions to improve organizations defensive cyber posture.

1. Why the Axios Compromise Scaled

On 31 March 2026, attackers hijacked the npm account of Axios’s lead maintainer, publishing malicious versions 1.14.1 and 0.30.4 that silently pulled in a malicious dependency, plain‑crypto‑[email protected]. Axios is a popular HTTP client for node.js and  processes 100 million weekly downloads and appears in around 80% of cloud and application environments, making this a high‑leverage breach [1].

The attack chain was simple yet effective:

  • A compromised maintainer account enabled legitimate‑looking malicious releases.
  • The poisoned dependency executed Remote Access Trojans (RATs) across Linux, macOS and Windows systems.
  • The malware beaconed to a remote command-and-control (C2) server every 60 seconds in a loop, awaiting further instructions.
  • The installer self‑cleaned by deleting malicious artifacts.

All of this matters because a single maintainer compromise was enough to project attacker access into thousands of trusted production environments without exploiting a single vulnerability.

A view from Darktrace

Multiple cases linked with the Axios compromise were identified across Darktrace’s customer base in March 2026, across both Darktrace / NETWORK and Darktrace / CLOUD deployments.

In one Darktrace / CLOUD deployment, an Azure Cloud Asset was observed establishing new external HTTP connectivity to the IP 142.11.206[.]73 on port 8000. Darktrace deemed this activity as highly anomalous for the device based on several factors, including the rarity of the endpoint across the network and the unusual combination of protocol and port for this asset. As a result, the triggering the "Anomalous Connection / Application Protocol on Uncommon Port" model was triggered in Darktrace / CLOUD. Detection was driven by environmental context rather than a known indicator at the time. Subsequent reporting later classified the destination as malicious in relation to the Axios supply‑chain compromise, reinforcing the gap that often exists between initial attacker activity and the availability of actionable intelligence. [5]

Additionally, shortly before this C2 connection, the device was observed communicating with various endpoints associated with the NPM package manager, further reinforcing the association with this attack.

Darktrace’s detection of the unusual external connection to 142.11[.]206[.]73 via port 8000.  
Figure 1: Darktrace’s detection of the unusual external connection to 142.11[.]206[.]73 via port 8000.  

Within Axios cases observed within Darktrace / NETWORK customer environments, activity generally focused on the use of newly observed cURL user agents in outbound connections to the C2 URL sfrclak[.]com/6202033, alongside the download of malicious files.

In other cases, Darktrace / NETWORK customers with Microsoft Defender for Endpoint integration received alerts flagging newly observed system executables and process launches associated with C2 communication.

A Security Integration Alert from Microsoft Defender for Endpoint associated with the Axios supply chain attack.
Figure 2: A Security Integration Alert from Microsoft Defender for Endpoint associated with the Axios supply chain attack.

2. Why Trivy bypassed security tooling trust

Between late February and March 22, 2026, the threat group TeamPCP leveraged credentials from a previous incident to insert malicious artifacts across Trivy’s distribution ecosystem, including its CI automation, release binaries, Visual Studio Code extensions, and Docker container images [2].

While public reporting has emphasized GitHub Actions, Darktrace telemetry highlights attacker execution within CI/CD runner environments, including ephemeral build runners. These execution contexts are typically granted broad trust and limited visibility, allowing malicious activity within build automation to blend into expected operational workflows, regardless of provider.

This was a coordinated multi‑phase attack:

  • 75 of 76  of trivy-action tags and all setup‑trivy tags were force‑pushed to deliver a malicious payload.
  • A malicious binary (v0.69.4) was distributed across all major distribution channels.
  • Developer machines were compromised, receiving a persistent backdoor and a self-propagating worm.
  • Secrets were exfiltrated at scale, including SSH keys, Kuberenetes tokens, database passwords, and cloud credentials across Amazon Web Service (AWS), Azure, and Google Cloud Platform (GCP).

Within Darktrace’s customer base, an AWS EC2 instance monitored by Darktrace / CLOUD  appeared to have been impacted by the Trivy attack. On March 19, the device was seen connecting to the attacker-controlled C2 server scan[.]aquasecurtiy[.]org (45.148.10[.]212), triggering the model 'Anomalous Server Activity / Outgoing from Server’ in Darktrace / CLOUD.

Despite this limited historical context, Darktrace assessed this activity as suspicious due to the rarity of the destination endpoint across the wider deployment. This resulted in the triggering of a model alert and the generation of a Cyber AI Analyst incident to further analyze and correlate the attack activity.

TeamPCP’s continued abused of GitHub Actions against security and IT tooling has also been observed more recently in Darktrace’s customer base. On April 22, an AWS asset was seen connecting to the C2 endpoint audit.checkmarx[.]cx (94.154.172[.]43). The timing of this activity suggests a potential link to a malicious Bitwarden package distributed by the threat actor, which was only available for a short timeframe on April 22. [4][3]

Figure 3: A model alert flagging unusual external connectivity from the AWS asset, as seen in Darktrace / CLOUD .

While the Trivy activity originated within build automation, the underlying failure mode mirrors later intrusions observed via management tooling. In both cases, attackers leveraged platforms designed for scale and trust to execute actions that blended into normal operational noise until downstream effects became visible.

Quest KACE: Legacy Risk, Real Impact

The Quest KACE System Management Appliance (SMA) incident reinforces that software risk is not confined to development pipelines alone. High‑trust infrastructure and management platforms are increasingly leveraged by adversaries when left unpatched or exposed to the internet.

Throughout March 2026, attackers exploited CVE 2025-32975 to authentication on outdated, internet-facing KACE appliances, gaining administrative control and pushing remote payloads into enterprise environments. Organizations still running pre-patch versions effectively handed adversaries a turnkey foothold, reaffirming a simple strategic truth: legacy management systems are now part of the supply-chain threat surface, and treating them as “low-risk utilities” is no longer defensible [3].

Within the Darktrace customer base, a potential case was identified in mid-March involving an internet-facing server that exhibited the use of a new user agent alongside unusual file downloads and unexpected external connectivity. Darktrace identified the device downloading file downloads from "216.126.225[.]156/x", "216.126.225[.]156/ct.py" and "216.126.225[.]156/n", using the user agents, "curl/8.5.0" & "Python-urllib/3.9".

The timeframe and IoCs observed point towards likely exploitation of CVE‑2025‑32975. As with earlier incidents, the activity became visible through deviations in expected system behavior rather than through advance knowledge of exploitation or attacker infrastructure. The delay between observed exploitation and its addition to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalogue underscores a recurring failure: retrospective validation cannot keep pace with adversaries operating at automation speed.

The strategic pattern: Ecosystem‑scale adversaries

The Axios and Trivy compromises are not anomalies; they are signals of a structural shift in the threat landscape. In this post-trust era, the compromise of a single maintainer, repository token, or CI/CD tag can produce large-scale blast radiuses with downstream victims numbering in the thousands. Attackers are no longer just exploiting vulnerabilities; they are exploiting infrastructure privileges, developer trust relationships, and automated build systems that the industry has generally under secured.

Supply‑chain compromise should now be treated as an assumed breach scenario, not a specialized threat class, particularly across build, integration, and management infrastructure. Organizations must operate under the assumption that compromise will occur within trusted software and automation layers, not solely at the network edge or user endpoint. Defenders should therefore expect compromise to emerge from trusted automation layers before it is labelled, validated, or widely understood.

The future of supply‑chain defense lies in continuous behavioral visibility, autonomous detection across developer and build environments, and real‑time anomaly identification.

As AI increasingly shapes software development and security operations, defenders must assume adversaries will also operate with AI in the loop. The defensive edge will come not from predicting specific compromises, but from continuously interrogating behavior across environments humans can no longer feasibly monitor at scale.

Credit to Nathaniel Jones (VP, Security & AI Strategy, FCISCO), Emma Foulger (Global Threat Research Operations Lead), Justin Torres (Senior Cyber Analyst), Tara Gould (Malware Research Lead)

Edited by Ryan Traill (Content Manager)

Appendices

References:

1)         https://www.infosecurity-magazine.com/news/hackers-hijack-axios-npm-package/

2)         https://thehackernews.com/2026/03/trivy-hack-spreads-infostealer-via.html

3)         https://thehackernews.com/2026/03/hackers-exploit-cve-2025-32975-cvss-100.html

4)         https://www.endorlabs.com/learn/shai-hulud-the-third-coming----inside-the-bitwarden-cli-2026-4-0-supply-chain-attack

5)         https://socket.dev/blog/axios-npm-package-compromised?trk=public_post_comment-text

IoCs

- 142.11.206[.]73 – IP Address – Axios supply chain C2

- sfrclak[.]com – Hostname – Axios supply chain C2

- hxxp://sfrclak[.]com:8000/6202033 - URI – Axios supply chain payload

- 45.148.10[.]212 – IP Address – Trivy supply chain C2

- scan.aquasecurtiy[.]org – Hostname - Trivy supply chain C2

- 94.154.172[.]43 – IP Address - Checkmarx/Bitwarden supply chain C2

- audit.checkmarx[.]cx – Hostname - Checkmarx/Bitwarder supply chain C2

- 216.126.225[.]156 – IP Address – Quest KACE exploitation C2

- 216.126.225[.]156/32 - URI – Possible Quest KACE exploitation payload

- 216.126.225[.]156/ct.py - URI - Possible Quest KACE exploitation payload

- 216.126.225[.]156/n - URI - Possible Quest KACE exploitation payload

- 216.126.225[.]156/x - URI - Possible Quest KACE exploitation payload

- e1ec76a0e1f48901566d53828c34b5dc – MD5 - Possible Quest KACE exploitation payload

- d3beab2e2252a13d5689e9911c2b2b2fc3a41086 – SHA1 - Possible Quest KACE exploitation payload

- ab6677fcbbb1ff4a22cc3e7355e1c36768ba30bbf5cce36f4ec7ae99f850e6c5 – SHA256 - Possible Quest KACE exploitation payload

- 83b7a106a5e810a1781e62b278909396 – MD5 - Possible Quest KACE exploitation payload

- deb4b5841eea43cb8c5777ee33ee09bf294a670d – SHA1 - Possible Quest KACE exploitation payload

- b1b2f1e36dcaa36bc587fda1ddc3cbb8e04c3df5f1e3f1341c9d2ec0b0b0ffaf – SHA256 - Possible Quest KACE exploitation payload

Darktrace Model Detections

Anomalous Connection / Application Protocol on Uncommon Port

Anomalous Server Activity / Outgoing from Server

Anomalous Connection / New User Agent to IP Without Hostname

Anomalous File / EXE from Rare External Location

Anomalous File / Script from Rare External Location

Anomalous Server Activity / New User Agent from Internet Facing System

Anomalous Server Activity / Rare External from Server

Antigena / Network / External Threat / Antigena Suspicious File Block

Antigena / Network / External Threat / Antigena Suspicious File Pattern of Life Block

Device / New User Agent

Device / Internet Facing Device with High Priority Alert

Anomalous File / New User Agent Followed By Numeric File Download

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About the author
Nathaniel Jones
VP, Security & AI Strategy, Field CISO
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